Two Medicare late enrollment penalties are described the same way in almost every summary: sign up late, pay more for life. They are built on different units. The Part D drug penalty counts single months and multiplies them by a premium figure that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services resets every year. The Part B medical penalty counts only completed twelve-month periods and multiplies them by a much larger premium. For 2026 the two base figures are $38.99 and $202.90. What follows is what each formula does with the same gap, and why one of them costs a different amount every January while the gap behind it does not change. What Starts the Part D Count The condition is not lateness in general. The Medicare drug coverage cost page states: “You may owe a late enrollment penalty if at any time after your Initial Enrollment Period is over, there’s a period of 63 or more days in a row when you don’t have Medicare drug coverage or other creditable prescriptio...
Two payoff orderings dominate the advice: pay the smallest balance first (the snowball), or the highest interest rate first (the avalanche). The arithmetic case for the avalanche is airtight — money aimed at the most expensive debt costs less than money aimed anywhere else. What the argument almost never includes is the size of the difference. Run the two methods against the same four balances, the same monthly payment, and the same rates, in the configuration that favors the avalanche as much as a realistic set of debts can, and the avalanche wins by $442 in interest over roughly three and a half years on $13,670 of debt. That is about 3.2 percent of the principal. It is real money, and it is roughly one-fortieth of what raising the monthly payment to $500 saves on these same four balances against paying minimums alone. That ratio is the subject here. The choice between orderings is a small optimization sitting next to a very large one, and the two are routinely presented as thou...